[Video] Q12: Ken and paul each ordered a sandwich at a restaurant. the price of ken’s sandwich was x dollars, and the price of paul’s sandwich was $1 more than the price of ken’s sandwich. if ken and paul split the cost of the sandwiches evenly and each paid a 20% tip, which of the following expressions represents the amount, in dollars, each of them paid? (assume there is no sales tax.)

Explanation for Question 12 From the Math (No Calc) Section on the Official Sat Practice Test 4

Now we're looking at number 12, which has a lot of words in it, 2 right? So we're going to read it and see what information is important. 3 We have Ken and Paul who each order a sandwich, 4 the price of Ken's sandwich was X. 5 And the price of Paul's was $1 more than the price of Ken sandwich. 6 If Ken and Paul split the costs of the sandwiches evenly, 7 and each pay to $20 tip what, 8 which of the following expressions represents the amount in dollars that each of them 9 paid. Right. So first let's not worry about the tip. 10 Let's start with, um, how much that each page, 11 just for the sandwich. Right? So Ken paid X dollars and 12 Paul Paul was $1 more than Ken. 13 So Paul was X plus one, right? So in total they paid X plus 14 X plus one, which is two X plus one. 15 Um, and so now what we need to remember is that they split it 16 50 50, right? 17 So I'm going to divide this by two, which is also known as two 18 X over two plus one over two. 19 Right? So I basically just kind of decompose that one fraction two. 20 So that means that each one paid X plus 50 cents. 21 Right. And now we know, 22 okay, so this is what they paid, right. X plus 50 cents, 23 but they also paid a 20% tip. So if you pay a 20% tip, 24 that means you paid this whole bill, right. You paid all of this, 25 and then you also had an additional 20%. 26 So it's like you pay 100% plus an additional 20%. 27 And if we're thinking in terms of decimals, that's the same thing as 1.2, 28 right? The 100 gives us the one and the 20 gives us the 0.2. 29 So what we need to do is 1.2 times X type plus 30 0.05. And when we distribute that we get 1.2 times X, 31 okay. That's 1.2 X and then 1.2 times 0.5. 32 So that's 10 that's six, 33 which is a 60 cents. And we see that answer choice 34 here in C.